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[1]Openwrt安装软件的方法

Openwrt安装软件

简介

Openwrt是个很自由的开源路由器系统，软件包支持几千个，功能很强大！

安装的方法主要有两种，telnet或者ssh连接后台安装和 页面安装。

下面的所有步骤的前提是当前的路由器已经联网！

telnet或ssh

原始的openwrt默认是没有密码的，只开启了telnet没有开启ssh，当第一次配置完用户名和密码后，关闭了telnet开启了ssh，用户可以随时连上路由器，下面我用ssh连接的。

Openwrt管理软件包的命令是opkg，下面是命令的帮助

root@Jack:/tmp/opkg-lists# opkg--help
opkg:unrecognized option `--help'
opkgmust have one sub-command argument
usage:opkg [options...] sub-command [arguments...]
wheresub-command is one of:
PackageManipulation:
        update           升级       Update list ofavailable packages
        upgrade <pkgs>     升级某一个软件     Upgrade packages
        install <pkgs>     安装某一个软件     Install package(s)
        configure <pkgs>    配置某一个软件    Configure unpacked package(s)
        remove <pkgs|regexp>  删除软件  Remove package(s)
        flag <flag> <pkgs>      Flag package(s)
        <flag>=hold|noprune|user|ok|installed|unpacked (one perinvocation)
 
InformationalCommands:
        list       列出openwrt所有支持的软件包   List availablepackages
        list-installed     列出本机已经安装的软件包     List installed packages
        list-upgradable  列出可以升级的软件包  ist installed and upgradable packages
        list-changed-conffiles  List user modified configuration files
        files <pkg>             List files belonging to<pkg>
        search <file|regexp>    List package providing <file>
        find <regexp>           List packages whose name ordescription matches <regexp>
        info[pkg|regexp]    显示软件包的信息   Display all info for <pkg>
        status [pkg|regexp]   显示软件包的状态  Display all status for <pkg>
        download<pkg> 下载一个软件包到当前目录 Download<pkg> to current directory
        compare-versions <v1> <op><v2>
                            compare versionsusing <= < > >= = << >>
        print-architecture      List installable package architectures
        depends [-A] [pkgname|pat]+
        whatdepends [-A] [pkgname|pat]+
        whatdependsrec [-A] [pkgname|pat]+
        whatrecommends[-A] [pkgname|pat]+
        whatsuggests[-A] [pkgname|pat]+
        whatprovides [-A] [pkgname|pat]+
        whatconflicts [-A] [pkgname|pat]+
        whatreplaces [-A] [pkgname|pat]+
 
Options:
        -A            Query all packages not just thoseinstalled
        -V[<level>]       Set verbosity level to <level>.
        --verbosity[=<level>]   Verbosity levels:
                                        0errors only
                                        1normal messages (default)
                                        2informative messages
                                        3 debug
                                        4 debuglevel 2
        -f <conf_file>          Use <conf_file> as the opkgconfiguration file
        --conf <conf_file>
        --cache <directory>     Use a package cache
        -d <dest_name>          Use <dest_name> as the the rootdirectory for
        --dest <dest_name>      package installation, removal, upgrading.
                                <dest_name>should be a defined dest name from
                                theconfiguration file, (but can also be a
                                directory namein a pinch).
        -o <dir>                Use <dir> as the rootdirectory for
        --offline-root <dir>    offline installation of packages.
        --add-arch<arch>:<prio>        Registerarchitecture with given priority
        --add-dest<name>:<path>        Registerdestination with given path
 
ForceOptions:
        --force-depends         Install/remove despite faileddependencies
        --force-maintainer      Overwrite preexisting config files
        --force-reinstall       Reinstall package(s)
        --force-overwrite       Overwrite files from other package(s)
        --force-downgrade       Allow opkg to downgrade packages
        --force-space           Disable free space checks
        --force-postinstall     Run postinstall scripts even in offlinemode
        --force-remove  Remove package even if prerm script fails
        --noaction              No action -- test only
        --download-only No action -- downloadonly
        --nodeps                Do not follow dependencies
        --nocase                Perform case insensitivepattern matching
        --force-removal-of-dependent-packages
                                Remove packageand all dependencies
        --autoremove            Remove packages that were installed
                                automaticallyto satisfy dependencies
        -t                      Specify tmp-dir.
        --tmp-dir               Specify tmp-dir.
 regexp could be something like 'pkgname*''*file*' or similar
 e.g. opkg info 'libstd*' or opkg search'*libop*' or opkg remove 'libncur*'
root@Jack:/tmp/opkg-lists#

如果你想要安装一个软件，但是不知道什么具体的名字，可以用命令获取到软件包的名字(opkg list |grep 软件名)，然后安装，比如我想要安装tftp

root@Jack:/tmp/opkg-lists# opkg list|grep tftp
atftp- 0.7-1 - TFTP client
atftpd- 0.7-1 - TFTP server
erlang-inets- 5.8 - Erlang/OTP is a general-purpose programming language and runtimeenvironment. Erlang has built-in support for concurrency, distribution  and fault tolerance. . This Erlang/OTPpackage provides a container for Internet clients and  servers. Currently a FTP client, a HTTPclient and server, and a tftp  client andserver have been incorporated in Inets.
iputils-tftpd- 20101006-1 - Program tftpd from iputils Trivial File Transfer Protocolserver.
kmod-ipt-nathelper- 3.7.10-1 - Default Netfilter (IPv4) Conntrack and NAT helpers Includes: - ftp- irc - tftp
tftp-hpa- 0.48-3 - An enhanced version of the BSD TFTP client
tftpd-hpa- 0.48-3 - An enhanced version of the BSD TFTP server

通过上面的命令我找到我想要的tftp服务器的名字为tftpd-hpa，这样就可以先用

#opkgdownload tftpd-hpa

下载软件包，然后用

#opkginstall tftpd-hpa

来安装。也可以直接用

#opkg installtftpd-hpa

会直接先下载再自动安装。最后用

#opkglist-installed |grep tftpd-hpa

来查看是不是已经安装上了！

 

页面安装

进入页面system->software

在filter里面输入“tftpd”，点击“find package”，在下面的框中就显示出当前openwrt支持的软件包，找到需要的，点击install即可。见下图

[2]tomcat 随笔小记

刚才遇到了一个小问题在源码中修改tomcat 的链接器的端口以及url的编码方式没有生效：

 <Connector port="8080" protocol="HTTP/1.1"
               connectionTimeout="20000"
               redirectPort="8443" />

改成了这样：

 <Connector port="80" protocol="HTTP/1.1"
               connectionTimeout="20000"
               redirectPort="8443" URIEncoding="utf-8"/>

没有生效：

找了一下原因：

原来我在VM arguments里设置了 这个启动参数：-Dcatalina.home=${project_loc:/tomcat-7.0.x/java/org/apache/catalina/startup/Bootstrap.java}/output/build

也就是说我改源码没有经过ant打包，这个包里面的配置并没有改过来。

重新打过包之后：

在看tomcat的源码：

在CoyoteAdapter的service方法里 

 req.getParameters().setQueryStringEncoding
                (connector.getURIEncoding());

这段代码获取的URIEncoding确实改成了utf-8，不设置的话是为null的，如果为null的话，默认的编码方式是iso-8859-1

[3]install ubuntu 12.04 in virtualbox

#install OS with ssh server
#安装VBox依赖
apt-get update
apt-get install gcc make dkms build-essential pentium-builder
sudo apt-get install xserver-xorg xserver-xorg-core
sudo reboot

#安装VBox Extension
sudo mount /dev/cdrom/
sudo ./VBoxLinux*.run
sudo reboot

#配置网络
sudo vi /etc/network/interfaces

auto eth1
iface eth1 inet static
address 192.168.56.4
netmask 255.255.255.0
gateway 192.168.56.1

sudo /etc/init.d/networking restart
sudo reboot

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#安装NFS server
sudo apt-get install nfs-kernel-server

sudo /etc/init.d/nfs-kernel-server restart
sudo /etc/init.d/portmap restart
showmount -e 127.0.0.1

mkdir /share
sudo chmod -R 777 /share

sudo vi etc/exports
/share *(rw,sync)

#客户端
sudo apt-get install nfs-common
mkdir /share
sudo chmod -R 777 /share

sudo vi /etc/fstab
192.168.56.4:/share   /share     nfs     rw   0   0
mount -t nfs 192.168.56.4:/share   /share

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